# Standard library header <istream>

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< cpp‎ | header

This header is part of the input/output library.

### Classes
basic_istream | wraps a given abstract device (std::basic_streambuf) and provides high-level input interface (class template)
std::istream | basic_istream<char> (typedef)
std::wistream | basic_istream<wchar_t> (typedef)
basic_iostream | wraps a given abstract device (std::basic_streambuf) and provides high-level input/output interface (class template)
std::iostream | basic_iostream<char> (typedef)
std::wiostream | basic_iostream<wchar_t> (typedef)
### Functions
operator>>(std::basic_istream) | extracts characters and character arrays (function template)
##### Manipulators
ws | consumes whitespace (function template)

### Synopsis

    namespace std {
        template <class charT, class traits = char_traits<charT> >
            class basic_istream;
        typedef basic_istream<char>    istream;
        typedef basic_istream<wchar_t> wistream;

        template <class charT, class traits = char_traits<charT> >
            class basic_iostream;
        typedef basic_istream<char>    iostream;
        typedef basic_istream<wchar_t> wiostream;

        template <class charT, class traits>
            basic_istream<charT,traits>& ws(basic_istream<charT,traits>& is);

        template <class charT, class traits, class T>
            basic_istream<charT, traits>&
            operator>>(basic_istream<charT, traits>&& is, T& x);

        // character extraction templates:
        template<class charT, class traits>
            basic_istream<charT,traits>& operator>>(basic_istream<charT,traits>&,
                                                    charT&);
        template<class traits>
            basic_istream<char,traits>& operator>>(basic_istream<char,traits>&,
                                                unsigned char&);
        template<class traits>
            basic_istream<char,traits>& operator>>(basic_istream<char,traits>&,
                                                signed char&);
        template<class charT, class traits>
            basic_istream<charT,traits>& operator>>(basic_istream<charT,traits>&,
                                                    charT*);
        template<class traits>
            basic_istream<char,traits>& operator>>(basic_istream<char,traits>&,
                                                unsigned char*);
        template<class traits>
            basic_istream<char,traits>& operator>>(basic_istream<char,traits>&,
                                                signed char*);

    }

#### Class std::basic_istream

    template <class charT, class traits = char_traits<charT> >
    class basic_istream : virtual public basic_ios<charT,traits> {
    public:
        // types (inherited from basic_ios):
        typedef charT                     char_type;
        typedef typename traits::int_type int_type;
        typedef typename traits::pos_type pos_type;
        typedef typename traits::off_type off_type;
        typedef traits                    traits_type;

        // Constructor/destructor:
        explicit basic_istream(basic_streambuf<char_type,traits>* sb);
        virtual ~basic_istream();

        // Prefix/suffix:
        class sentry;

        // Formatted input:
        basic_istream<charT,traits>& operator>>(
            basic_istream<charT,traits>& (*pf)(basic_istream<charT,traits>&));
        basic_istream<charT,traits>& operator>>(
            basic_ios<charT,traits>& (*pf)(basic_ios<charT,traits>&));
        basic_istream<charT,traits>& operator>>(
            ios_base& (*pf)(ios_base&));

        basic_istream<charT,traits>& operator>>(bool& n);
        basic_istream<charT,traits>& operator>>(short& n);
        basic_istream<charT,traits>& operator>>(unsigned short& n);
        basic_istream<charT,traits>& operator>>(int& n);
        basic_istream<charT,traits>& operator>>(unsigned int& n);
        basic_istream<charT,traits>& operator>>(long& n);
        basic_istream<charT,traits>& operator>>(unsigned long& n);
        basic_istream<charT,traits>& operator>>(long long& n);
        basic_istream<charT,traits>& operator>>(unsigned long long& n);

        basic_istream<charT,traits>& operator>>(float& f);
        basic_istream<charT,traits>& operator>>(double& f);
        basic_istream<charT,traits>& operator>>(long double& f);

        basic_istream<charT,traits>& operator>>(void*& p);
        basic_istream<charT,traits>& operator>>(
            basic_streambuf<char_type,traits>* sb);

        // Unformatted input:
        streamsize gcount() const;
        int_type get();
        basic_istream<charT,traits>& get(char_type& c);
        basic_istream<charT,traits>& get(char_type* s, streamsize n);
        basic_istream<charT,traits>& get(char_type* s, streamsize n,
                                         char_type delim);
        basic_istream<charT,traits>& get(basic_streambuf<char_type,traits>& sb);
        basic_istream<charT,traits>& get(basic_streambuf<char_type,traits>& sb,
                                         char_type delim);

        basic_istream<charT,traits>& getline(char_type* s, streamsize n);
        basic_istream<charT,traits>& getline(char_type* s, streamsize n,
                                             char_type delim);

        basic_istream<charT,traits>& ignore(
            streamsize n = 1, int_type delim = traits::eof());
        int_type                     peek();
        basic_istream<charT,traits>& read    (char_type* s, streamsize n);
        streamsize                   readsome(char_type* s, streamsize n);

        basic_istream<charT,traits>& putback(char_type c);
        basic_istream<charT,traits>& unget();
        int sync();

        pos_type tellg();
        basic_istream<charT,traits>& seekg(pos_type);
        basic_istream<charT,traits>& seekg(off_type, ios_base::seekdir);

    protected:
        basic_istream(const basic_istream& rhs) = delete;
        basic_istream(basic_istream&& rhs);

        // Assign/swap:
        basic_istream& operator=(const basic_istream& rhs) = delete;
        basic_istream& operator=(basic_istream&& rhs);
        void swap(basic_istream& rhs);

    };

#### Class std::basic_iostream

    template <class charT, class traits = char_traits<charT> >
    class basic_iostream :
        public basic_istream<charT,traits>,
        public basic_ostream<charT,traits> {

    public:
        // types
        typedef charT                     char_type;
        typedef typename traits::int_type int_type;
        typedef typename traits::pos_type pos_type;
        typedef typename traits::off_type off_type;
        typedef traits                    traits_type;

        // constructor/destructor
        explicit basic_iostream(basic_streambuf<charT,traits>* sb);
        virtual ~basic_iostream();

    protected:
        basic_iostream(const basic_iostream& rhs) = delete;
        basic_iostream(basic_iostream&& rhs);

        // assign/swap
        basic_iostream& operator=(const basic_iostream& rhs) = delete;
        basic_iostream& operator=(basic_iostream&& rhs);
        void swap(basic_iostream& rhs);
    };

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